In a significant stride towards ensuring responsible and environmentally conscious closures of coal mines, the Ministry of Coal has initiated efforts to address the challenges associated with abandoned and closed mines. Historically, mine closures lacked structured processes, resulting in abandoned equipment, materials, and neglected sites. Acknowledging the need for a systematic approach, the Ministry introduced Mine Closure guidelines in 2009, subsequently revised in 2013 and 2020, with a focus on safe closures while minimizing environmental impact.
Mines closed before 2009 often lacked a structured closure framework, leading to non-scientific closures. Recognizing the physical hazards and environmental consequences, the Ministry issued guidelines in October 2022 for managing mines closed before 2009, categorizing them as discontinued, abandoned, or closed.
Aligning with the Ministry’s vision, Coal India Ltd has proactively identified and taken steps towards the closure of 169 pre-2009 and 130 post-2009 mines considered abandoned, discontinued, or closed. Of these, 68 pre-2009 mines are marked for final closure, with 63 diligently prepared Final Mine Closure Plans (FMCPs). Additionally, 14 pre-2009 mines are designated for temporary closure, with comprehensive Temporary Mine Closure Plans (TMCPs) developed for each.
For post-2009 mines, Coal India Ltd is actively preparing 35 FMCPs, showcasing commitment to responsible mine closures. Simultaneously, the Singareni Collieries Company Limited (SCCL) has identified six pre-2009 mines for temporary closure and five post-2009 mines for final closure. Mine closure activities are already underway for these identified mines, underscoring the commitment of both Coal India Ltd and SCCL to environmental sustainability.
Moreover, the Ministry has appointed an expert committee to review existing mine plan guidelines to strengthen the mine closure framework and adopt best international practices.
To streamline and monitor these closure activities, the Central Mine Planning and Design Institute (CMPDI) has developed a portal. This centralized source facilitates monitoring of closure activities, including reclamation, air and water quality post-closure, land repurposing, and social support measures. These initiatives collectively signify a paradigm shift towards responsible and scientifically sound mine closures, aligning with the Ministry of Coal’s commitment to environmental stewardship and community well-being.